This report, produced by The Kirwan Institute, reviews research on implicit bias in the criminal justice system highlighting research pointing to police officers' implicit bias about who looks "criminal," jurors' implicit biases again defendants of a different race, and longer sentences levied by judges against individuals with the most Afrocentric physical traits. Implicit bias occurs when someone consciously rejects stereotypes and supports anti-discrimination efforts but unconsciously holds negative associations in his/her mind. In short, implicit biases are biases we do not realize we have.